GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS
CIVIL AVIATION DEPARTMENT SECTION 2: AIRWORTHINESS
SERIES `F' PART XXII
ISSUE I,DATED 6TH AUGUST '1993
File No. 11-690/93-AI(2) EFFECTIVE : FORTHWITH
Subject: Load and trim sheet - Requirements thereof.
1. APPLICABILITY :
Under sub rule 2 (b) of rule 58 of the Aircraft Rules 1937,
it is stipulated that "The load of an aircraft through out
the flight including take off and landing shall be so
distributed that the centre of gravity position of the
aircraft falls within the limitations specified or approved
by the Director General." It is also necessary that the
aircraft is loaded within specified limits to ensure safe
operation. This CAR is issued under the provision of Rule
133 A of the Aircraft Rules to ensure compliance of the
above requirements.
2. SCOPE :
This part of the Civil Aviation Requirement sets out the
requirements for load and trim sheet, necessary training of
Staff engaged in its preparation and their approval by DGCA.
3. REQUIREMENT OF QUALIFIED STAFF :
Person deputed by Airline/ Operator for preparing load and
trim sheet and loading of aircraft shall be qualified and
trained.
4. TRAINING PROGRAMME :
4.1 The training programme for the persons engaged in preparing
load and trim sheet and supervising loading shall comprise
of :
(a) Basic indoctrination and initial training,
(b) Transition training,
(c) Differences training,
(d) Refresher/Recurrent training,
(e) Conversion training.
4.2 Each training shall include practical demonstration as
applicable.
4.3 Each training should cover the differences between aircraft
of the same type operated by the airline/operator to
ensure that such Staff are adequately trained to perform
their assigned duties on different aircraft being operated.
4.4 Upgrade training programme as required from time to time.
4.5 In addition to initial, transition, upgrade, recurrent and
differences training, each training programme must also
provide specific ground training, instruction and practice
as necessary to ensure that each Staff :-
(i) Remains adequately trained and currently proficient
with respect to each aircraft and type of operation
in which the Staff is involved.
(ii) Qualifies in new equipment, facilities, procedures
and techniques, including change in loading/ weight
procedures as applicable to Staff.
5. BASIC INDOCTRINATION GROUND TRAINING :
The basic indoctrination ground training for newly
hired Staff to be used for preparing load/trim sheet shall
include a minimum of 40 programmed hours of instruction in
at least the following :
(i) Duties and responsibilities of Staff.
(ii) Appropriate portion of Civil Aviation Requirement,
Aircraft Rules and AICs.
(iii)Contents of the operators certificate/permit and
limitations, if any.
(iv) Appropriate portion of the airline/operator Manual.
6. INITIAL AND TRANSITION GROUND TRAINING :
6.1 The Initial and Transition Ground Training for such Staff
shall include instructions in at least the following :
(i) Aircraft Flight Manual;
(ii) Basic Theory of Flight (including mean aerodynamic
chord, C.G. limits);
(iii) Principles of Weight and Balance of Aircraft;
(iv) Weight and Balance computations;
(v) Calculation of center of gravity of aircraft;
(vi) Definition and meaning of maximum take off weight,
landing weight, RTOW, zero fuel weight, empty weight,
laden weight, aircraft index;
(vii) Requirement for carriage of arm, ammunition,
dangerous goods, dead body, animals, perishable goods,
insane passengers, Cargo and Mails, etc.;
(viii)Basic loading techniques and distribution of loads;
(x) Preparation of passenger manifest, load & trim sheet;
(xi) Use of RTOW and takeoff and landing performance
charts;
(xi) A general description of aircraft.
6.2 Initial and transition ground training for such
officers/staff must include a competency check given by an
appropriate supervisor or ground instructor acceptable to
DGCA that demonstrates knowledge and ability with the
subjects set forth in paragraph 6.1 of this section.
7. REFRESHER/RECURRENT TRAINING :
7.1 Recurrent training must ensure that such Staff is
adequately trained and currently proficient with respect to
the type aircraft (including differences training if
applicable).
7.2 Recurrent ground training must include at least the
following :-
(i) A quiz or other review to determine the state of the
officer's knowledge with respect to the aircraft;
(ii) Instructions as necessary in the subjects required for
initial ground training;
(iii) A competency check as specified in 6.2 of this part of
Civil Aviation Requirements.
7.3 Recurrent ground training must consist of at least 10
programmed hours.
7.4 Recurrent training shall be conducted for staff who are
absent from duty due long sickness, change of job etc. The
course shall mainly consist of familiarisation with subjects
mentioned in para 6.1 and also with DGCA circulars, AICs and
review of accidents/ incidents due to loading problems.
7.5 The Staff instructor under whom such Staff has undergone
recurrent training shall submit a certificate of successful
completion of training to the airline/operator.
8. DIFFERENCES TRAINING :
8.1 Differences training for such Staff must consist of
instructions in each appropriate subject or part thereof
required for initial ground training in the aircraft unless
DGCA finds that particular subjects are not necessary.
8.2 The number of programmed hours for ground training shall be
10 hours, if not included with other training courses.
8.3 Differences training for all variations of a particular type
of aircraft may be included in initial, transition and
recurrent training for the aircraft.
9. CONVERSION TRAINING :
9.1 The Staff performing regular duty on one type of aircraft
can not perform duties on any other type of aircraft
until he/she has undergone an approved course of conversion
training.
9.2 The conversion training shall be conducted by an instructor
who is familiar with the type of aircraft including various
procedures. The instructor shall conduct the written and
practical test, in co-ordination with DGCA (Director of
Airworthiness of the Region).
10. COMPETENCY CHECK FOR OFFICERS :
10.1 Written test/Examination :
Each trainee after having undergone the prescribed training
shall appear in a written examination conducted by an
instructor in co-ordination with the DGCA. The examination
shall consist of :-
(i) General subjects,
(ii) Specific on type of aircraft.
10.2 Oral and Practical test :
The Staff after having successfully undergone written test
are required to demonstrate their drill and skills. The
assessment in this regard shall be done by an instructor.
11. OPERATING EXPERIENCE :
The Staff must perform the assigned duties of preparing
load and trim sheet on at least two flights under the
supervision of a qualified supervisor or instructor or
pilot, who shall personally observe the performance of these
duties. However, such check is not required for a staff who
has previously acquired experience on any large passenger
carrying aircraft of the same group.
12. TRAINING INFRASTRUCTURE AND PROGRAMME :
12.1 For the purpose of training of such staff the
airline/operator must obtain approval from the DGCA for
their training course. For this purpose the airline/operator
shall submit to the DGCA :
12.1.1 A written training programme curriculum for each type
of aircraft which shall include :-
(a) a list of principal training subjects covering the
syllabus;
(b) a list of all the training devices, methods and
procedures to be followed for the proposed
training;
(c) the programmed hours of training that will be
applied to each training;
(d) list of properly qualified instructors as
required for the training.
12.1.2 Additional informations which may be required by the
DGCA.
12.2 The airline/operator shall provide and keep current with
respect to each aircraft type and, if applicable, the
particular variation within that aircraft type, appropriate
training material, examination form, instructions, printed
material, instructions and procedures for use in
conducting the training and checks required.
12.3 If the proposed training programme or revision complies with
this part of the CAR, DGCA may grant initial approval after
which the airline/operator may conduct training in
accordance with the approved programme. DGCA will then
evaluate the effectiveness of the training programme and
will advise the operator of deficiencies, if any, that must
be corrected.
12.4 DGCA may grant final approval of training programme or
revision if the airline/operator shows that the training
conducted under initial approval ensures that each person
that successfully completes the training is adequately
trained to perform his/her assigned duty.
12.5 Whenever DGCA finds that revisions are necessary for
continued adequacy of a training programme that has been
granted final approval, the operator shall make changes in
the programme that are found necessary by the DGCA.
12.6 Instructor :
The instructor detailed to impart training to the staff
must possess sufficient aviation experience and knowledge of
Air Safety Circulars, AICs, CAR, Aircraft Rules and other
instructions issued by the DGCA from time to time.
13. DGCA may monitor the training programme and the performance
of the trainees from time to time.
14. LOAD AND TRIM SHEET REQUIREMENTS :
14.1 Before starting operation the airline/operator shall prepare
a load/trim sheet and get the same approved from the DGCA.
14.2 The airline/operator shall compute the trim either manually
or by use of a computer in accordance with a procedure
approved by the DGCA.
14.3 The airline/operator shall ensure that loading and
distribution is in accordance with the requirement of
Aircraft Rules and any special direction issued by DGCA in
conformity with the Rules.
14.4 It will be the responsibility of the airline/operator to
ensure that the weight of the aircraft at the time of take-
off does not exceed the RTOW.
14.5 Each airline/operator is responsible for the preparation and
accuracy of the load/trim sheet.
14.6 The load/trim sheet must be prepared in duplicate and signed
for each flight by an Officer of the airline/operator who
have the duty of supervising the loading of aircraft and
preparing the load and trim sheet.
14.7 The load/trim sheet and passenger manifest must at least
contain the following information concerning the loading of
the aircraft at take-off time:
(a) The weight of the aircraft, fuel and oil, cargo and
baggage, passengers and crew members.
(b) The maximum allowable weight for that flight that must
not exceed the least of the following weights:
(i) Maximum allowable take off weight for the runway
intended to be used (including corrections for
altitude, gradient, wind, runway surface condition
and temperature conditions existing at the take-
off time.
(ii) Maximum take off weight considering anticipated
fuel and oil consumption that allows compliance
with applicable en route performance limitations.
(iii)Maximum take off weight considering anticipated
fuel and oil consumption that allows compliance
with the maximum authorised design landing weight
limitations on arrival at the destination
airport.
(iv) Maximum take off weight considering anticipated
fuel and oil consumption that allows compliance
with landing distance limitation on arrival at
the destination and alternate airports.
(c) The total weight computed under approved procedures.
(d) Evidence that the aircraft is loaded according to an
approved schedule that ensures that the centre of
gravity is within approved limits, during the flight.
(e) Names of passenger including breakup of male, female,
child/infant.
15. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS :
15.1 Before detailing a Staff for preparation of load/trim
sheet, the airline/operator shall confirm to the DGCA that
the Staff has successfully undergone an approved course in
accordance with the requirement laid down in the CAR. They
should also ensure that all such staff undergo periodic
refresher and other training courses as stipulated in
the CAR.
15.2 Notwithstanding the above, DGCA may specify additional
requirements, if felt necessary, for safe operation of the
aircraft.
( S. MAJUMDAR )
Director of Airworthiness
Director General of Civil Aviation